If you have heard your cat cough and then bring up a damp clump of fur, you are not alone. Hairballs are one of the most common cat problems, especially in long-haired breeds such as Persians and Himalayans. This guide explains why they form, when they are normal, when to see a vet, and how to reduce them.
What are hairballs and why do they form?
Cats spend a large part of the day grooming. Their tongues are covered with tiny hooks that catch loose hair, which is then swallowed. Most of it passes through the gut and out in the stool, but some can collect in the stomach and clump together, and the cat vomits it up.
Hairballs become more frequent with:
Long-haired cats.
Shedding seasons, especially when the weather changes.
Over-grooming caused by stress or itchy skin.
Low fiber or low water intake, which slows the gut.
Common signs
Coughing or retching followed by a clump of hair.
A hairball every one or two weeks, which is within normal for many cats.
Visible hair in the stool.
When to worry
See your vet promptly if you notice any of the following, as they can indicate a blockage:
Repeated retching with nothing coming up.
Loss of appetite or lethargy for more than a day.
Constipation or no stool.
A swollen or painful belly.
How to prevent hairballs
1. Brush regularly
Every hair you remove with a brush is a hair your cat will not swallow. Brush short-haired cats twice a week and long-haired cats daily, especially during shedding seasons.
2. Malt paste and hairball remedies
Malt pastes lubricate the digestive tract so swallowed hair passes out in the stool instead of clumping in the stomach. Most cats enjoy the taste, so you can offer it on a finger or on top of food, following the dose on the pack.
3. Fiber and plenty of water
Fiber keeps the gut moving and water prevents constipation. Add wet food to your cat's diet and place several water bowls around the house, or use a water fountain to encourage drinking.
4. Address over-grooming
Excessive licking can be caused by dry skin, allergies or stress. Skin and coat supplements reduce shedding, while toys and daily play time help ease stress.
Helpful products at Catu Store
Hairball pastes and gels such as Vet's Best Hairball Control, Feline Go Hairball Control and Catty Malt Plus.
Skin and coat supplements to reduce shedding, such as biotin and zinc paste.
Wet foods that boost hydration and support digestion.
The bottom line
An occasional hairball is normal, but frequent ones mean your cat needs help. Regular brushing, malt paste and a diet rich in water and fiber can make a clear difference. If you see signs of a blockage, do not delay a visit to the vet.
This article is for general information and does not replace veterinary advice.